FUW TRENDS IN SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY JOURNAL
(A Peer Review Journal)
e–ISSN: 2408–5162; p–ISSN: 2048–5170
keywords: Azadirachta indica, Capsicum frutescens, chaffy panicles, dead heart.
Synthetic insecticides which are now known to produce negative environmental, health and economic impact, have been heavily relied on in the control of stem borers on sorghum. This experiment therefore examines chili pepper (Capsicum frutescens) and neem (Azadirachta indica) formulations in checking damages associated with stem borers on sorghum. Field trials were laid in Potiskum (Lat. 11o43’N and Long. 11o04’E) in 2011 and 2012 wet seasons. Treatments evaluated were Chili Pepper Powder, Chili Pepper Powder + Fine sand (1:1, w/w), Neem Kernel Powder, Neem Kernel Powder + Fine sand (1:1, w/w), Carbaryl Dust (Synthetic insecticide) and untreated control using a Randomized Complete Block Design with three replicates. Data on Dead hearts (%), Stem tunneling length (%), Incidence of Chaffy Panicles (%), Stem breakage (%) and, Grain Yield (Kg/plot) were collected. Statistical analysis showed significant differences (p≤0.05) between treated and untreated plots across the parameters. Mean separation however, shows no significant difference (p≥0.05) between the botanicals and the synthetic insecticide. Cumulatively, Neem Kernel Powder + Fine sand gave the best control with the lowest dead hearts (0.65%, 0.71% [35 days after sowing], 0.80% and 0.80% [45 days after sowing]), Stem tunneling length (12.09% and 12.18%), chaffy panicles (2.26% and 2.11%), Stem breakage (3.01% and 2.60%) and the highest grain yield (6.39 and 6.35 kg/plot) in 2011 and 2012, respectively. The overall result suggests that Neem Kernel Powder + Fine sand may serve as an alternative to synthetic insecticides and a viable component of the Integrated Pest Management of Sorghum Stem borers.
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